Hacking: Pro and Contra?
Do you know
what a hacker is? Well, a hacker is a person who enjoys exploring the details
of programmable systems on computers and they like to stretch the capability of
the systems. And you know what, the activities they do in the computers are
called ‘hacking’.
So, what’s
the problem with ‘hacking and its hackers’? Well, the problem is whether
‘hacking and its hackers’ is legal or illegal? What I mean is that people in
the world have many different views about hacking and the hackers. Some of them
take sides, but many object.
To get back
to what I was saying previously, let us see the positive points of a hacker,
shall we? Although in most places breaking into computer systems is considered
illegal, I believe that hackers don’t do anything illegal because they only
want to know and try the systems. I dare to say that a hacker likes finding the
strengths and the weaknesses of a computer system. They feel proud if they can
find the weaknesses. So I don’t really see the crimes in this case. In
addition, these hackers sometimes help the police catch the ‘white collar
criminals’, such as bank robbers, money launderers, credit card forgers. For
example, in 2000, the U.S. hackers caught some Singaporean hackers who made
‘Virus Love’ to break up the programs of the U.S. National Security system.
Nevertheless,
those who object to the good points of a hacker say that hacking is a crime.
The reason is that some hackers use their brilliant skills to break into banks
and other vital institutions where they can get money, destroy information, and
the worst thing is they can get secret information and sell it to another
country. This is a treachery.
To put the
whole thing in a nut shell, I personally think that hackers are not bad people
with their brilliant skills. However, they could be bad because of money
orientation to get the wealth. That’s just the point.
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Adoption
Adoption is the process
by which people take a child who was not born to them and raise him or her as a
member of their family. By law, adopted children differ from foster children.
An adopted child has all the legal rights of a member of the family that raises
him or her. A foster child does not.
Parents place their children up for
adoptions for many reasons. Some parents feel they cannot adequately care for
their off springs because of health or economic conditions. Some others,
especially unwed parent, may not want to raise a child.
But there are couples
who cannot have children of their own. Adoption gives them opportunity to raise
a family. They can get one from an adoption agency if they have all the
requirements asked.
State laws prohibited
adoption agencies from revealing the identity of the natural parents to the
adoptive parents. These laws also forbid agencies from disclosing the identity
of the adoptive parents to the natural parents. In some states, the law permits
adopted persons who are at least 18 years old to see their birth certificates
including the natural parents’ names.
On the contrary, many
adopted people worked to change the laws. They argued that people have a right
to know their identity. They said that keeping secret their adoptions records
violate their right.
On the other hand, many
people feel adoption records should be kept secret. If not, natural parents
might change their minds years later and take the child away from the parents
who raised him or her.
Some experts advise that
a child should know of the adoptions by the age of 6 or 7. Surveys have shown
that most adopted children develop normally.
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The
advantages and Disadvantages of Distance Learning
A few years
ago, distance learning was seen as an inferior way but nowadays even famous and
established traditional colleges and universities are providing distance
learning courses and it is generally considered a way to improve one's life.
However,
people still argue whether distance learning give more advantage or
disadvantage. Some of them who see the benefit of distance learning will say
that distance learning needs no commuting. Of course it saves money and time
that students would take. Furthermore, distance learning can be done at any
student’s convenience. Mostly of the classes of distance learning are
asynchronous. It means that students do not have to attend a lecture at a fixed
particular time and place. Students can review the assignments and do their
homework during off-hours or from home. Additionally, distance learning gives
more accessibility. No one can deny it. People with limited mobility may
encounter the problem when they take traditional class. With the online class
system, the problem is absent.
Despite the
many advantages, the other people will see that distance learning is costly and
needs complex technology. To attend online learning, student must have a computer
with possibly access to the internet. Admitted or not, such technology devices
are not always available for common students. Another disadvantage of distance
learning is that it does not provide immediate feedback. Unlikely traditional
classroom, students have to wait for the feedback and comment until the
instructor has review the works and sent response to them. Most of the time
students will study alone. Distance learners may feel isolated or miss that
social physical interaction that comes with attending a traditional classroom
Regarding
the individual’s learning style, some students are able to learn when there is
a live interaction between them and the available of accompanying teacher while
others don’t really need it. So before deciding a choice of attending distance
learning or not, each student needs to do a fair analysis regarding the kind of
person he/she is.
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Living
in the big city
Living
in a big city has both advantages and disadvantages
On
the plus side, it is often easier to find work, and there is usually a choice
of public transport, so you don’t need to own a car. Also, there are a lot of
interesting to do and places to see.
For
example, you can eat in good restaurants, visit the museums, and go to the
theater and to concerts. What is more, when you want to relax, you can usually
find a park where you can feed the ducks or just sit on a park bench and read a
book. All in all, city life is full of bustle and variety and you need never
feel bored.
However, for every plus
there is a minus. For one thing, you might have a job, but unless it is very
well paid, you will not be able to afford many of the things that there are to
do, because living in a big city is often very expensive.
It
is particularly difficult to find good, cheap accommodation. What is more,
public transport is sometimes crowded and dirty, particularly in the rush hour,
and even the parks can become very crowded, especially on Sundays when it seems
that every city dweller is looking for some open space and green grass. Last of
all, despite all the crowds, it is still possible to feel very lonely in a
city.
In
conclusion, I think that city life can be particularly appealing to young
people, who like the excitement of the city and don’t mind the noise and
pollution. However, many people, when they get older, and particularly when
they have young children, often prefer the peace and fresh air of the
countryside.
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The right to freedom of
religion is enshrined in the UN charter and considered by many to be a basic
human right. Some religions require special diet, others prayer at specific
times. Why should a religious mode of dress receive as much protection as these
other aspects of religious freedom?
Many Muslim women view the veil as a means
to protect their modesty and privacy. Just as we would not force any women to
be seen in public in her underwear if she did not feel comfortable doing so,
why should a woman be forced to show her hair if she does not want to? Modesty
is a personal judgment call; some are comfortable in the smallest bikini while
others prefer a lot more clothing. No one but the woman herself should make
that decision.
Muslim women are not the only ones to feel
coerced over their mode of dress. Most people are affected by the societal
norms surrounding them. Fashion trends could be seen in exactly the same light
as religious traditions.
Banning head coverings is only likely to
provoke a more extreme reaction among highly religious communities. Framing
laws to ban only Islamic forms of dress could be considered an attack on one
religion. Feeling under attack could cause the Islamic community to close off
into itself. They could set up religious schools where their children can dress
as they want them to and not mix with children from other faiths. These effects
could never be good for the integration of society and would further the
influence of extremists. Internationally, the perceived attack on Islamic
values would inflame wider Muslim opinion, feed conspiracy theories and add to
the dangerous feeling that there is a clash of civilizations.
Intolerant schools make up problems as an
excuse for not allowing Muslims freedom of religious expression. In a
multicultural society, students should be aware of the different religious
practise and cultural traditions of their classmates, and be taught to
understand and respect these. Without such respect, Muslims and other groups with
distinctive dress, such as Orthodox Jews and Sikhs, will be driven out of
mainstream education and forced to educate their children separately, which
will really create divisions and alienation.
Based on the above discussion, the government should not banned Muslim’s
headscarf as a part of school or office uniforms.
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Bus Way
Governor
Sutiyoso has launched his mass rapid transportation plan. This includes
monorail, subway, water transportation, and Busway. Among the public
transportation plan, Busway has been put into effect. The air conditioned bus fleet
with their special roads have been operated since last year. Now, more routes
are being constructed to cover the five mayoralties. In fact, the existence of
Busway makes pros and cons.
Some people
consider Busway can solve a traffic problem faced by the metropolitan city.
Everyday millions of people commute from their houses to their respective work
places. This badly needs adequate public transportation. If fifty persons go to
their offices by cars, they need fifty cars roaming on the street. This number
of cars can be replaced by only one Busway. Consequently, with reduced vehicles
the streets are less congested. Therefore, it can decline traffic jams. Apart
from reducing traffic jams, Busway easies Jakarta inhabitants to go to their
workplace or other destination. For this reason more access on Busway is being
accomplished. Other Busway roads have been constructed, such as, Kota-Kalideres
and Kota-Pulogadung. This definitely make easier for people who go for
recreation to the zoo.
Besides
reducing traffic jam and comforting passengers, Busway can minimize air
pollution. As stated, Busway can replace other vehicles in a great number. It
apparently declines the danger of pollution. Less vehicles means less carbon
monoxide coming out from the exhausted fumes. As a result, the residents of
Jakarta are less threatened with sickness caused by air pollution. And if
Busway administration can manage the public transport well, Busway can create a
new icon of Jakarta.
Those who
resist the exsistence of Busway argue that instead of solving problem, Busway
create a new problem. Busway even makes traffic worse. The Busway line makes
the roads narrower. Narrow roads cause passing vehicles to get stuck especially
during rush hours. Furthermore, Busway adds up corruption that has become a
vicious circle in this country. As reported in a newspaper the purchase of
Busway fleet is under corruption suspect. Billions of rupiah are believed to
have been put into the city administrator’s pocket. In terms of the expense,
Busway fare is also much expensive than an ordinary bus. It costs Rp 3.500,.
for one ride, while the common bus only costs Rp 2.000,. With the difference in
bus fare, it is likely that passengers prefer to ride ordinary buses.
Apparently,
Busway still creates different outlooks among the residents of Jakarta. In
spite of all the critics, the governor of Jakarta firmly continues to extend
its routes.
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